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The City

Edinburgh's origins can be traced back to the 7th century when it was settled by the Celtic Votadini tribe. By the 10th century, the city had become a prominent stronghold known as 'Dun Eideann' under Scottish rule. The construction of Edinburgh Castle atop Castle Rock in the 12th century solidified its power and played a crucial role in conflicts such as the Wars of Scottish Independence. In 1437, Edinburgh was officially declared the capital of Scotland.

Over the centuries, Edinburgh thrived as a hub of trade and culture. The establishment of the University of Edinburgh in 1583 further enhanced its reputation as an intellectual centre. The 18th-century Enlightenment era brought significant advancements in various fields, with influential figures like David Hume and Adam Smith contributing to Edinburgh's intellectual legacy.

In the 19th century, Edinburgh underwent a transformation during the Industrial Revolution. The city expanded beyond the boundaries of the Old Town with the construction of the Georgian New Town, showcasing stunning neoclassical architecture and becoming a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Edinburgh continued to evolve in the 20th century, facing both challenges and milestones. The city experienced significant growth and modernisation, with the establishment of renowned festivals such as the Edinburgh International Festival and the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, solidifying its reputation as a cultural capital.

Today, Edinburgh stands as a thriving cosmopolitan city, blending its ancient heritage with a vibrant contemporary spirit. Its iconic landmarks, including Edinburgh Castle, Royal Mile, and Arthur's Seat, attract millions of visitors each year, while its world-class universities, dynamic arts scene, and bustling festivals contribute to its global appeal.

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Do & See

Edinburgh offers a myriad of attractions and activities to explore. Begin by strolling along the historic Royal Mile, dotted with iconic landmarks such as Edinburgh Castle, St Giles' Cathedral, and the Palace of Holyroodhouse. Delve into the city's rich history at the National Museum of Scotland or take a ghost tour through the underground vaults. Immerse yourself in literary history at the Writers' Museum or visit the birthplace of Harry Potter at The Elephant House café. Don't miss the vibrant atmosphere of the Grassmarket, where you can enjoy lively pubs and charming shops. For breathtaking views, hike up Arthur's Seat or visit Calton Hill. End your day with a visit to the Royal Botanic Garden or catch a show at one of the city's renowned theatres.

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Dining

From traditional pubs serving hearty Scottish fare to elegant Michelin-starred restaurants pushing culinary boundaries, Edinburgh's dining scene promises to satisfy even the most discerning food lovers. The city is renowned for its fresh seafood, showcasing the finest catches from Scotland's shores. However, Edinburgh also embraces international cuisines, with a plethora of options including Italian, Indian, Thai, and more.

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Cafés

Slip in best-selling author JK Rowling's shoes and let your imagination flow as she did while sipping on a good cup of coffee in one of Edinburgh's charming coffee shops. Whether you want to try your coffee with scotch (you have a good excuse: it is local!) or just enjoy a piece of pie, Edinburgh has it all. The wonderful array of cafés that are scattered around the city are the perfect spots where to relax your feet or escape from the rain.

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Bars & Nightlife

From traditional pubs offering real ales and leafy beer gardens to upmarket cocktail bars, Edinburgh's bars and pubs are second to none. This thriving, modern capital city is as renowned for its nightlife as its history, so whether you're looking for top comedy, a traditional ceilidh — a Gaelic gathering with folk music and dancing — or an unforgettable club night, you are sure to find it here. Join the student crowd in Cowgate, drink whisky in upper-market George Street, or head to the more raffish Lothian road: the choice is yours!

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Shopping

Edinburgh is the perfect place to indulge in some serious retail therapy and pick up memorable gifts for family and friends — and as the city is so compact, you can easily explore on foot and in the meantime enjoy spectacular surroundings.

Charming boutiques dot the picturesque Royal Mile, classy George Street is the place to go for designer labels, while high-end brands can be found on the prestigious Multrees Walk.

Explore the hidden gems of the Old Town's narrow ‘closes’, where you can find unique artisanal crafts, antiques, and local treasures. And don't miss out on the vibrant markets and independent shops that showcase Scotland's rich heritage and contemporary designs — it is granted that you will not leave Edinburgh empty-handed.

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Tourist Information